Learning
Fatemeh Farazandeh; Seyed Jalal Younesi; Hajar Tarverdizadeh
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of metacognitive learning strategies in working memory among university students. This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest control group design with follow-up. The statistical population included 268 students at Applied Sciences ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of metacognitive learning strategies in working memory among university students. This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest control group design with follow-up. The statistical population included 268 students at Applied Sciences and Technology University in Tehran in 2022. The convenience sampling method was employed to select 30 students randomly assigned to two groups with 15 participants, i.e., the metacognitive training (experimental) and the control groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of metacognitive strategy training based on the protocol of Wells (2011). Daneman and Carpenter's (1980) working memory test was conducted to collect data which were then analyzed using the repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS. According to the findings, the pretest mean scores of the experimental group for storage and processing differed significantly from those of the posttest and follow-up stages (p<0.01). Furthermore, in terms of information storage and processing, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group and those of the control group (p<0.05). Thus, it can be stated that metacognitive learning strategies had a positive effect on improving the working memory of university students. University instructors can enhance students’ learning by creating conducive conditions for acquiring metacognitive strategies and fostering an engaging and appropriate educational environment.
Learning
Yeganeh Haddad; Nabi-Allah Akbarnataj-e Shoob; Jamal Sadeghi
Abstract
Educational self-efficacy and its relationship with learners' different psychological traits can have a tremendous effect on the success or failure of the students. Thus, the present research sought to investigate whether academic self-efficacy has an effect on the students' stress derived from the education ...
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Educational self-efficacy and its relationship with learners' different psychological traits can have a tremendous effect on the success or failure of the students. Thus, the present research sought to investigate whether academic self-efficacy has an effect on the students' stress derived from the education expectations based on such mediating factor as the difficulty of emotion regulation. The research method was descriptive-correlational based on structural equations. The statistical population consisted of all 800 junior female high-school students, 9th grade, from 16 State schools in the third district of Tehran. To decide on the sample size according to the number of observed variables, assigning a coefficient of 25 for each (7 variables in the model), and taking the possibility of incomplete questionnaires into account, 200 people were chosen by cluster sampling method. The data were gathered using three questionnaires: self-efficacy (Jinks & Morgan, 1999), difficulty in emotion regulation (Gross & John, 2003), and educational expectation (Ang & Huan, 2006). Using the structural equation modelling, the data analysis revealed that educational self-efficacy and difficulty in emotion regulation had a direct and significant effect on the stress caused by educational expectations. Also, an indirect effect of educational self-efficacy with the mediation of difficulty in emotion regulation was captured and the research model was revealed to predict 63% of the stress variable due to educational expectations. The study revealed the importance of cognitive factors in explaining the stress caused by academic expectations.
School Psychology
Fereshteh Fatehnejat; amanolah soltani; Vida Andishmand; Alireza Manzari Tavakoli
Abstract
Given that academic procrastination originates from various factors, two of the most important factors in this field are cyberspace addiction and executive functions. Therefore, this research aims to model structural equations for predicting academic procrastination based on cyberspace addiction and ...
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Given that academic procrastination originates from various factors, two of the most important factors in this field are cyberspace addiction and executive functions. Therefore, this research aims to model structural equations for predicting academic procrastination based on cyberspace addiction and executive functions. The research method is a descriptive-correlation type of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research includes 8150 female first-secondary school students in the city of Kerman in the academic year 2022-2023; according to Morgan's table, 384 people have been selected as a sample using stratified random sampling. Widyanto and McMorran's (2004) cyberspace dependence, Brief's (2000) executive functions, and Solomon and Rothbloom's (1984) academic procrastination questionnaires were used to collect data. Data analysis was done with SPSS25 and AMOS24 software, and descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and structural equation modeling were used. The research results showed that the model for predicting academic procrastination based on dependence on cyberspace and executive functions has an acceptable fit. There is a significant relationship between cyberspace addiction, executive functions, and academic procrastination (p<0.05), so cyberspace addiction and executive functions simultaneously explain 0.70 of the variance of academic procrastination. Therefore, it can be concluded that the high dependence on cyberspace and spending much time aimlessly in this space cause students to procrastinate in doing their homework and to suffer from a kind of procrastination in academic subjects. Also, defects in executive functions aggravate the academic procrastination of students.
Learning
Nasrin Salehi; Shokoufeh Mousavi; Mahmoud Reza Shahsavari
Abstract
The current study aims to investigate the impact of the flipped classroom on creativity, accountability, and math anxiety among female elementary students. This quasi-experimental research employed a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population for this study encompassed all female ...
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The current study aims to investigate the impact of the flipped classroom on creativity, accountability, and math anxiety among female elementary students. This quasi-experimental research employed a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population for this study encompassed all female elementary students in Isfahan, Iran, during the first semester of the academic year 2021-2022. The convenience sampling method was utilized to select 30 students who were then divided into experimental and control groups (n = 15 per group). The experimental group received 16 online sessions using the flipped classroom approach, while the control group continued with regular educational practices at the same time. The research instruments consisted of the Home–School Accountability Questionnaire, Standard Creativity Scale, and Math Anxiety Scale. Analysis of covariance was employed for inferential analysis. The results revealed that the flipped classroom approach yielded positive effects on creativity (F = 6.15, p < 0.05, η² = 0.18), accountability (F = 6.75, p < 0.05, η² = 0.20), and math anxiety (F = 4.74, p < 0.05, η² = 0.15).
Learning
Fatemeh Yurdkhani; Akbar Mohammadi; Dawood Manavipour
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate mindfulness's effectiveness on the problem-solving styles of secondary school students of Garmsar city. The statistical population of this research was all second-year high school students of Garmsar city in the academic year 2022-2023. The sample included 341 students ...
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This study aimed to investigate mindfulness's effectiveness on the problem-solving styles of secondary school students of Garmsar city. The statistical population of this research was all second-year high school students of Garmsar city in the academic year 2022-2023. The sample included 341 students who were selected by random cluster sampling. The research tools included a standard questionnaire on mindfulness and a questionnaire on problem-solving styles. The data was analyzed by Lisrel and SPSS software. Considering that the effect of the mediator variable is considered, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The results showed that the five components of observation, description, action, awareness, non-judgment, and non-reaction affected the problem-solving styles of secondary school students of Garmsar city. Based on the obtained results, mindfulness can affect problem-solving techniques. Based on the obtained results, mindfulness can influence problem-solving styles. Therefore, the results of this study can have important implications in the field of education, such as the effectiveness of mindfulness on problem-solving for educational professionals.
Tahmineh Changizi; Farah Naderi; Rezvan Homaei; Sasan Bavi
Abstract
Students with specific learning disorders (SLD) have major difficulties in learning and using listening, speaking, reading, writing, and math skills. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of proprioception-enhancing exercises on dyslexia and dysgraphia in students with SLD. The research ...
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Students with specific learning disorders (SLD) have major difficulties in learning and using listening, speaking, reading, writing, and math skills. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of proprioception-enhancing exercises on dyslexia and dysgraphia in students with SLD. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The study population consisted of all girl and boy elementary school students (2nd and 3rd grades) with SLD who received educational and rehabilitation services from public and private centers for learning disorders in Ahvaz, Iran in 2022. Using convenience sampling, 30 students were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (n= 15 per group). The participants in the experimental group received proprioception-enhancing exercises in twelve 45-minute sessions, whereas those in the control group received no intervention. The research instruments included the Reading and Dyslexia Test and Dysgraphia Test. The data were statistically analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). According to the demographic results, the mean age of the students in the experimental and control groups was 8.64±2.31 and 8.30±2.47 years, respectively. The results showed that proprioception-enhancing exercises were effective in improving dyslexia and dysgraphia in students with SLD (p<0.01). It can be hence concluded that proprioception-enhancing exercises improve not only dyslexia and dysgraphia in students with SLD but also their academic performance.
Akram Ehtesabi; Salar Faramarzi; Parvin Ehteshamzadeh; Saeed Bakhtiarpour; Amir Ghamarani
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (D–KEFS) and Dawson–Guare program on neuropsychological functions in students with dyslexia. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, a control group, and ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (D–KEFS) and Dawson–Guare program on neuropsychological functions in students with dyslexia. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design, a control group, and a follow-up period. The statistical population included all boy and girl third-graders in Tehran within the 2018–2019 academic year. Based on the inclusion criteria, convenience sampling was employed to select 45 dyslexic students from all the boy and girl third-graders with dyslexia. The Raven IQ Test for Children (1983) and the Reading and Dyslexia Test (2016) was conducted for screening, and the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (2004) was utilized for assessment before and after interventions. The first experimental group received 17 sessions based on the D–KEFS, whereas the second experimental group received 17 sessions in the Dawson–Guare Program. The ANCOVA was then used in SPSS-24 for data analysis. The mean of the post-test and follow-up scores of neuropsychological functions in the D–KEFS and Dawson–Guare Program groups significantly decreased compared to the control group (p<0.01). Moreover, the D–KEFS intervention improved neuropsychological functions further than the Dawson–Guare Program (p<0.05). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that there is a high correlation between enhancing executive skills in dyslexic children and improving their neuropsychological functions. It is possible to enhance neuropsychological functions, which underlie the reading skill, in dyslexic children through interventions that target a wide variety of executive functions.
School Psychology
Vahidreza Pourtaghi; Mahboubeh Fouladchang; Esfandiar Azad; Mohammad Bagher Hasanvand
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Philosophy for Children Course on aspects of students' school engagement. School engagement is a structure indicating that students can create personal relationships with their teachers in addition to the educational content. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental ...
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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Philosophy for Children Course on aspects of students' school engagement. School engagement is a structure indicating that students can create personal relationships with their teachers in addition to the educational content. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental study was conducted on 7th-grade students (n=128) from 4 classes at the same school as the intervention and control groups. In the current quasi-experimental, pre-test, and post-test study, the independent variable was the philosophy for children (P4C) program (ten 60 minute sessions) and the dependent variables were the school engagement aspects including behavioral, emotional, cognitive, and agency engagements. To analyze the data ANOVA was used. The findings indicated that the score of all four aspects of school engagement were significantly higher in the intervention group who attended the Philosophy for Children Program than those of the control group. Based on the obtained results, 28.2% of changes in total school engagement were attributed to the P4C program. The results show a significant increase in school engagement and its aspects. Philosophy for Children Program can be used to create an educational atmosphere with the highest relationship to students’ curriculum in which the students can rule out their learning behaviors with high motivation.
Maasomeh Naderi Dehsheykh; Fariba Hafezi; Zahra Dashtbozorgi
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between math anxiety with optimism and perceived classroom structure through mediating role of mathematics attitudes in female high school students. The statistical population of this descriptive correlational study comprised all the female high-school ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between math anxiety with optimism and perceived classroom structure through mediating role of mathematics attitudes in female high school students. The statistical population of this descriptive correlational study comprised all the female high-school students in Ahvaz (Iran) in the academic year 2020-2021. A sample of 237 students was randomly selected via single-stage cluster sampling. In this study, the sample size was determined based on the number of predictor variables in the structural equation analysis. The research instruments included the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS), the Life Orientation Test (LOT), Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM), and the Mathematics Attitude Scale (MAS). The proposed model was evaluated by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that all direct paths except perceived classroom structure to math anxiety were significant (p< 0.01). The indirect paths from optimism to math anxiety mediated by mathematics attitude, and the path from perceived classroom structure to math anxiety mediated by mathematics attitude were significant (p< 0.01). The proposed method, therefore, has an optimal fit and is a major step towards identifying the factor affecting students’ math anxiety.
Tayebeh Fallah; Fariba Hafezi; Behnam Makvandi; Sasan Bavi
Abstract
A flipped classroom, as one of the participatory learning techniques, is based on group dynamics and social interactions. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the flipped classroom technique in promoting academic motivation and self-efficacy among high school students. The research ...
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A flipped classroom, as one of the participatory learning techniques, is based on group dynamics and social interactions. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the flipped classroom technique in promoting academic motivation and self-efficacy among high school students. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all female high school students in Ahvaz city in the academic year 2019-2020. Using the purposive sampling method, 30 ones were selected and divided into experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). The research instrument included the Academic Motivation Questionnaire and Student Self-Efficacy Scale. The experimental group received the flipped teaching program during eight 90-minute sessions; however, the control group received the traditional teaching method. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the flipped and traditional teaching methods in experimental and control groups (p<0.0001). The flipped classroom technique was effective in increasing academic motivation and self-efficacy among students. The study findings indicate that the flipped classroom method can be used to promote academic motivation and self-efficacy and decrease academic failure among students.
Zohre Jafarkhani; Alireza Manzari Tavakoli; Hamdollah Manzari Tavakoli; Vida Razavi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediation role of study habits in the relationship between progressive motivation and self-regulated learning in first-grade students. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study included all ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediation role of study habits in the relationship between progressive motivation and self-regulated learning in first-grade students. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study included all the high school students in the second district of Kerman consisting of 3900 students in the academic year of 2018. According to the Morgan table, 350 students selected through stratified random sampling methods were selected as the sample. To collect the data, Buffard et al. (1994) self-regulation questionnaire, as well as Kazemi's Educational Achievement Motivation (2007) and Pulessani and Sharma (1989) study habit questionnaires were used. According to the results of the study, there is a significant relationship between progressive motivation and self-regulation (p <0.05); a significant relationship between the developmental motivation and the study habits (p <0.05); and between the study habits and the self- regulation (p <0.05). Also, it was found that study habits have a mediator role in the relationship between progress and self-regulation (p <0.05).
